Trelease presented in the same publication Peperomia erythrostachya and Peperomia rubrispica with the same holotype. Because that holotype (F) as well as the isotypes (B, G, ILL, US) only mention Peperomia erythrostachya, that name is chosen as the legitimate one and Peperomia rubrispica as its synonym [Mathieu, 2007]